List of jewelry stones used
We will conclude with a list of stones which are to be found in modern jewelry. All other stones not mentioned in this list are mainly of academic interest only.
Diamond.
Sapphire (mainly blue), and star stones. Green and purple are uncommon, but white used in cheaper forms of jewelry.
Emerald.
Ruby (star ruby uncommon).
Pearl (real and cultured).
Opal (all varieties, the least used being fire opal).
Aquamarine.
Tourmaline (mainly green and pink).
Spinel (all colors, but mainly red and blue; not greatly used).
Topaz (mainly yellow, some pink).
Zircon (blue, white, some yellow and brown).
Chrysoberyl (all fairly uncommon).
Garnet (mainly pyrope and almandine; hessonites uncommon, demantoid rare).
Kunzite (rare in Europe).
Sphene (rare; usually brownish yellow in color).
Peridot (usually green).
Beryl (mainly pale and intermediate shades).
Quartz (most varieties are used, but especially amethyst, carnelian, and rock crystal).
Turquoise.
Lapis lazuli.
Jade (jadeite is more common than nephrite).
Moonstone.
Amazonite.
Labradorite.
Malachite.
Fluorspar (mainly Blue John in England).
Steatite (soapstone).
Also amber, coral, jet, ivory, bone.